† Cheng Li, Bin Fang and Like Zhang contributed equally to this work. nanoseconds, which cannot support applications in the ter-44 ahertz field. To tackle this issue, the approach of applying 45 a femtosecond laser pulse in a specifically designed mag-46 netic heterostructure [18] is proposed, which reduces the 47 timescale of spin-electricity conversion to the subpicosec-48 ond range, enabling the engineering of terahertz spintronic 49 devices. Therefore, this holds out the promise of spin-50

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... ronic terahertz emitters. In this respect, emerging terahertz 51 devices comprised of a variety of nonmagnetic materials 52 or interfaces, such as heavy metal [19-24], topological 53 insulator [25-28], and Ag/Bi Rashba interface [29,30], 54 have been validated. Apart from that, by using the afore-55 mentioned spin-to-charge conversion of antiferromagnetic 56 materials, Chen et al. proposed a compensated magnetic 57 heterostructure consisting of ferrimagnet and antiferro-58 magnet to operate as a terahertz emitter [31]. Mean-59 while, Zhou et al. observed terahertz emission in a non-60 collinear antiferromagnetic Mn 3 Sn heterostructure [32], 61 which extends the material selection for spintronic tera-62 hertz emitters. Nevertheless, neither detailed experimental 63 analysis nor quantitative calculation is explicitly presented 64 2331-7019/21/0(0)/XXXXXX(7) XXXXXX-1