An Update on the Changing Epidemiology and Metabolic Risk Factors in Pediatric Kidney Stone Disease

D. J. Sas
2011 American Society of Nephrology. Clinical Journal  
Nephrolithiasis in children is a painful and costly disease that may also have detrimental long-term effects on kidney function. Recent data provide evidence that the incidence of nephrolithiasis in children is rising. Children who are white, female, and adolescent seem to have the highest risk for forming symptomatic kidney stones. Although the reasons for the rising incidence and demographic discrepancies in pediatric nephrolithiasis are not yet clear, recent investigations into urine
more » ... y provide clues regarding predisposing metabolic risk factors. As more data emerge regarding epidemiologic and metabolic characteristics of pediatric kidney stone formers, we hope to gain a better understanding of the causes of kidney stone disease and, ultimately, provide better strategies for stone prevention in children. Disclosures None. References 1. Gillen DL, Coe FL, Worcester EM: Nephrolithiasis and increased blood pressure among females with high body mass index. Am J Kidney Dis 46: 263-269, 2005 2. Gillen DL, Worcester EM, Coe FL: Decreased renal function among adults with a history of nephrolithiasis: A study of NHANES III. Kidney Int 67: 685-690, 2005 3. Rule AD, Bergstralh EJ, Melton LJ 3rd, Li X, Weaver AL, Lieske JC: Kidney stones and the risk for chronic kidney disease. Clin
doi:10.2215/cjn.11191210 pmid:21737846 fatcat:zi2jvpmlfbhonhovalt574yy2q