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The molecular and metabolic program by which white adipocytes adapt to cool physiologic temperatures

Hiroyuki Mori, Colleen E. Dugan, Akira Nishii, Ameena Benchamana, Ziru Li, Thomas S. Cadenhead, Arun K. Das, Charles R. Evans, Katherine A. Overmyer, Steven M. Romanelli, Sydney K. Peterson, Devika P. Bagchi (+8 others)
2021 PLoS Biology  

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Although visceral adipocytes located within the body's central core are maintained at approximately 37°C, adipocytes within bone marrow, subcutaneous, and dermal depots are found primarily within the peripheral shell and generally exist at cooler temperatures. Responses of brown and beige/brite adipocytes to cold stress are well studied; however, comparatively little is known about mechanisms by which white adipocytes adapt to temperatures below 37°C. Here, we report that adaptation of cultured
more » ... adipocytes to 31°C, the temperature at which distal marrow adipose tissues and subcutaneous adipose tissues often reside, increases anabolic and catabolic lipid metabolism, and elevates oxygen consumption. Cool adipocytes rely less on glucose and more on pyruvate, glutamine, and, especially, fatty acids as energy sources. Exposure of cultured adipocytes and gluteal white adipose tissue (WAT) to cool temperatures activates a shared program of gene expression. Cool temperatures induce stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 (SCD1) expression and monounsaturated lipid levels in cultured adipocytes and distal bone marrow adipose tissues (BMATs), and SCD1 activity is required for acquisition of maximal oxygen consumption at 31°C.
doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.3000988 pmid:33979328 pmcid:PMC8143427 fatcat:ghjv3tzeuver5jsa2eggizrw74
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Hiroyuki Mori, Colleen E. Dugan, Akira Nishii, Ameena Benchamana, Ziru Li, Thomas S. Cadenhead, Arun K. Das, Charles R. Evans, Katherine A. Overmyer, Steven M. Romanelli, Sydney K. Peterson, Devika P. Bagchi, Callie A. Corsa, Julie Hardij, Brian S. Learman, Mahmoud El Azzouny, Joshua J. Coon, Ken Inoki, Ormond A. MacDougald, Jason W. Locasale. "The molecular and metabolic program by which white adipocytes adapt to cool physiologic temperatures." PLoS Biology 19.5 (2021) e3000988