Fibrosis is described as the overgrowth, hardness, and/or scarring of different tissues caused by an excess of extracellular matrix components such as collagen. In this regard, fibrosis is the outcome of chronic inflammatory reactions triggered by a number of stimuli such as infections, allergic reactions, autoimmune reactions, radiation, and tissue damage [1] . Moreover, fibrosis is one of the big global strains on healthcare. The lack of understanding of the fibrotic process pathogenesis, the

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... considerable variety in their etiology and clinical presentations, the lack of relevant and completely validated biomarkers, and, most critically, the present lack of effective disease-modifying therapeutics. Therefore, research has focused on the identification of a new therapeutic target related to human fibrotic disease and the development of successful antifibrotic treatments. To date, only pirfenidone and Nintedanib have been approved in some countries to treat fibrotic diseases. Moreover, the Nintedanib has been approved for the treatment of fibrosing and systemic sclerosis-associated interstitial lung diseases. Consequently, the drug discovery and development remain limited in this critical area and to one organ system only, resulting in slow development [2, 3] . The methodologies of single-cell genomics have produced novel findings that are unattainable before. This area keeps developing rapidly, and the ability to detect the number of omic readouts is a result of emerging technologies (e.g., genomes, proteomes, and transcriptomes) in living cells. The molecular profile is expanding our knowledge of the mechanism of interaction of these populations in situ. Together with global projects, such as the Human Cell Atlas, the convergence and the consolidation of these multimodal singlecell technologies represent an incredible opportunity to decipher the molecular and the cellular mechanisms of fibrosis at an unparalleled resolution, which may help accelerate a new age of accuracy medication in the treatment of fibrotic illnesses. Given the shared pathways across organs that are uncovered by this work, a new revolutionary drug developed for one fibrotic disorder is probably useful for most fibrotic diseases [4] . In spite of the remarkable improvement in our comprehension of the pathogenesis of fibrosis during the last few years, several challenges should be addressed to convert this knowledge into successful antifibrotic therapies. For instance, the slow illness development and the patient heterogeneity can be solved by validated and reliable predictors for courses of fibrotic disease. A large compound count versus few patients to be examined can be solved using adaptive and revolution study design and "real-world" substantiation. Ex vivo tissue culture systems and predictive animal models that lead to the accurate interpretation of new or unprecedented mechanisms from the bench to the bedside should be developed. The heterogeneity of patients and the slow development of fibrosis lead to difficulty in choosing selection for clinical trials. Therefore, high-risk patients should be identified before their inclusion in the trials, and validated and reliable predictors for fibrotic disease development are required. Patients with fibrotic diseases can be stratified through the tissue sample analysis depending on a mechanistic basis, and antifibrotic drugs can be personalized accordingly [5] . The research should focus on this field. The endpoints of the study are currently highly variable, and poor sensitivity is required to predict favorable reactions over a limited period, requiring increased patients to be included in clinical trials. As observed in intestinal and liver fibrosis, the last stage for fibrosis clinical trials proceed to develop and can involve a global approach involving patients, researchers, scientists, business leaders, and regulatory partners. In principle, the noninvasive last stage that aligns with clinically relevant findings is needed. Present-day scientists in the field are motivated by the discovery of cutting-edge imaging modalities, such as fibrosis molecular imaging, collagen a positron emission technology (PET) imaging, and robust biomarkers, which allow rapid, whole-organ quantitative noninvasive, and longitudinal drug efficacy readings in clinical antifibrotic studies. In addition, the combination of cutting-edge omic processes, like single-cell genomics of fibrosis, and molecular imaging[6], can dramatically enhance patient diagnostics, stratification, prognosis, and cohort enrichment, thereby improving the design of clinical trials and maximizing the number of studies that can be conducted rapidly and effectively.