Existing protocols for benchmarking current quantum co-processors fail to meet the usual standards for assessing the performance of High-Performance-Computing platforms. After a synthetic review of these protocols-whether at the gate, circuit or application level-we introduce a new benchmark, dubbed Atos Q-score TM , that is application-centric, hardware-agnostic and scalable to quantum advantage processor sizes and beyond. The Q-score measures the maximum number of qubits that can be used

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... tively to solve the MaxCut combinatorial optimization problem with the Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm. We give a robust definition of the notion of effective performance by introducing an improved approximation ratio based on the scaling of random and optimal algorithms. We illustrate the behavior of Q-score using perfect and noisy simulations of quantum processors. Finally, we provide an open-source implementation of Q-score that makes it easy to compute the Q-score of any quantum hardware.