Bisphosphonates are used for treatment of different bone conditions, most frequently for increasing bone density in osteoporosis patients and for treatment of primary or metastatic bone tumor as well as intake for osteoporosis patients. The pharmacokinetics of bisphosphonates is well described in order to clarify mechanisms of action of each sub-group according to the classification of these drugs. Bisphosphonate-induced avascular osteonecrosis is described as phenomenon in the human bones

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... ially observed in human jaws. From pathophysiological point of view this process is studied describing the osteoclast activity inhibition. Several studies and results are stated. Having in mind that this process occurs in cases that do not include bisphosphonates intake, the American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial surgeons accept a new diagnostic and treatment strategies as well as new name of the disease -Medicine related osteonecrosis of the jaw. By comprehensive analysis of all studies by now and cases from our practice, several important and significant protocols are introduced in this chapter, effecting diagnosis, treatment preparation, treatment and post-surgical behavior. Keywords: Bisphosphonate-induced osteonecrosis of the jaw, dental implantology, medicine related osteonecrosis of the jaw