Objectives Visceral Leishmaniasis (VL) can be symptomatic and asymptomatic infection. In this study we aimed at investigating the prevalence of asymptomatic infections and to study risk factors of VL in nonendemic regions in Gedaref state, Sudan. A descriptive cross-sectional study conducted during 2014. Blood samples were collected to serological and molecular analysis. Sticky traps, knockdown spray and CDC miniature light traps were used for the collection of sandflies. Results Ninety-Five

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... ticipants were included; 52 from Abukishma, 15 Algadamblia Tirfa, 25 Abualnaja and 3 were from Algadamblia Aljabal. Most of the study participants were belonging to the Belala tribe (74.3%). The most frequent reported age was above 40-years old (9.5%). Females were (61.1%) and males were (38.9%). B. aeygptica was the most planted tree in/around the houses (46.3%). 73 (76.8%) of the participants bred more than two types of animals in the house. DAT test revealed 5 positive participants (5.2%). 4/5 DAT positive were past VL infection. PCR detected 35 (36.8%) positive patients. A total of 31 (32.6%) were considered asymptomatic infections based on PCR detection method. Households planted Balanites/Acacia trees or breed domestic animals were found in high percentages with VL PCR positive participants (60.1%, 91.4%). Abstract Objectives: Visceral Leishmaniasis (VL) can be symptomatic and asymptomatic infection. In this study we aimed at investigating the prevalence of asymptomatic infections and to study risk factors of VL in non-endemic regions in Gedaref state, Sudan. A descriptive cross-sectional study conducted during 2014. Blood samples were collected to serological and molecular analysis. Sticky traps, knockdown spray and CDC miniature light traps were used for the collection of sandflies. Results: Ninety-Five participants were included; 52 from Abukishma, 15 Algadamblia Tirfa, 25 Abualnaja and 3 were from Algadamblia Aljabal. Most of the study participants were belonging to the Belala tribe (74.3%). The most frequent reported age was above 40-years old (9.5%). Females were (61.1%) and males were (38.9%). B. aeygptica was the most planted tree in/around the houses 3 (46.3%). 73 (76.8%) of the participants bred more than two types of animals in the house. DAT test revealed 5 positive participants (5.2%). 4/5 DAT positive were past VL infection. PCR detected 35 (36.8%) positive patients. A total of 31 (32.6%) were considered asymptomatic infections based on PCR detection method. Households planted Balanites/Acacia trees or breed domestic animals were found in high percentages with VL PCR positive participants (60.1%, 91.4%).