Additive manufacturing (AM) of titanium (Ti) and Ti-6Al-4V lattices has been proposed for bone implants and augmentation devices. Ti and Ti-6Al-4V have favourable biocompatibility, corrosion resistance and fatigue strength for bone applications; yet, the optimal parameters for Ti-6Al-4V lattice designs corresponding to the natural micro- and meso-scale architecture of human trabecular and cortical bone are not well understood. A comprehensive review was completed to compare the natural lattice

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... rchitecture properties in human bone to Ti and Ti-6Al-4V lattice structures for bone replacement and repair. Ti and Ti-6Al-4V lattice porosity has varied from 15 reporting a porosity between 50-70 lattices with 50-70 compressive strength, and yield strength. Trabecular bone has a reported porosity range from 70-90 μm. Existing powder bed fusion technologies have produced strut and wall thicknesses ranging from 200-1669 μm. This suggests limited overlap between current AM of Ti and Ti-6Al-4V lattice structures and trabecular bone architecture, indicating that replicating natural trabecular bone parameters with latticing is prohibitively challenging. This review contributes to the body of knowledge by identifying the correspondence of Ti and Ti-6Al-4V lattices to the natural parameters of bone microarchitectures, and provides further guidance on the design and AM recommendations towards addressing recognized performance gaps with powder bed fusion technologies.