Introduction. Through androgen receptors, androgens regulate prostate cellular growth and function, proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, lipid metabolism and secretory activity, as well as development and progression of prostate cancer. Prostate cancer, and its primary glandular tissue are influenced by hormones, and it is used for therapeutic purposes. Anti-androgen treatment is carried out in patients with metastatic prostatic cancer, in order to block effects of androgens.

more »

... emical analysis of androgen receptors in the prostate cancer tissue may help us to assume how the tumors will react to the anti-androgen therapy, if they are androgen-positive, -negative, or hormone resistant tumors. Knowledge of the presence of androgen receptors in the tumor tissue may be a prognostic indicator in histopathological analysis. The aim of this study was stereological evaluation of androgen receptor expression in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia and in patients with prostatic cancer, before therapy. Material and Methods. Immunohistochemical analysis was carried out using anti-human androgen receptor monoclonal antibody 441. The presence and intensity of the androgen receptors were evaluated in 195 patients: 165 with benign prostatic hyperplasia and 30 with prostatic cancer using Weibel's multi-purpose M 42 stereological test system. Material was obtained by needle biopsy or transurethral resection of the prostate. Results. All secretory cells in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia were androgen positive, while in patients with prostatic cancer, all tumors were mostly androgen positive, some with foci of negativity. The resulting negative correlation with Gleason score and International Society of Urological Pathology grade was not statistically significant. Conclusion. Study results of stereological analysis of androgen receptors indicate that prior the therapy prostate cancer is androgendependent, with a high level of androgen receptor expression, although slightly lower compared to benign prostatic hyperplasia. Sažetak Uvod. Androgeni preko androgenih receptora utiču na ćelijski rast i funkciju, proliferaciju, diferencijaciju, apoptozu, lipidni metabolizam i sekretornu aktivnost prostate i na razvoj i progresiju karcinoma prostate. Karcinom prostate, kao i njegovo primarno žlezdano tkivo je pod uticajem hormona i ta činjenica je iskorištena u terapijske svrhe. Antiandrogena terapija se sprovodi kod pacijenata sa metastatskim karcinomom prostate, upravo sa ciljem da blokira dejstvo androgena. Imunohistohemijskom analizom androgenih receptora u tkivu prostate sa karcinomom, možemo da pretpostavimo kako će tumor reagovati na datu antiandrogenu terapiju, u odnosu na to da li su androgen-pozitivni i androgen-negativni, ili hormonski rezistentni tumori. Saznanja o zastupljenosti androgenih receptora u tkivu tumora, mogla bi da posluže kao prognostički indikator, u patohistološkoj analizi. Cilj ove studije je stereološka evaluacija ekspresije androgenih receptora kod pacijenata sa karcinomom prostate i benignom hiperplazijom, pre sprovedene terapije. Materijal i metode. Imunohistohemijska analiza je sprovedena upotrebom monoklonalnog androgen-recep-tor441 antitela. Stereološki je procenjivano prisustvo i intenzitet androgenih receptora kod 195 pacijenata sa benignom hiperplazijom (165) i karcinomom prostate (30), uz upotrebu multinamenskog Vajbelovog (Weibel) testnog sistema M-42. Materijal je dobijen biopsijom iglom ili transuretralnom resekcijom prostate. Rezultati. Sve sekretorne ćelije kod pacijenata sa benignom hiperplazijom su bile androgen-pozitivne, dok su kod pacijenata sa karcinomom prostate, svi tumori mahom bili androgen-pozitivni, ali pojedini sa fokusima negativnosti. Dobijena je negativna korelacija sa Glisonovim skorom (Gleason) i International Society of Urological Pathology gradus grupom, koja nije statistički značajna. Zaključak. Rezultati studije stereološke analize androgenih receptora ukazuje da je karcinom prostate pre terapije androgen-zavisan; ima visok stepen ekspresije androgenih receptora, mada nešto manji u odnosu na benignu hiperplaziju. Ključne reči: neoplazme prostate; androgeni receptori; hiperplazija prostate; imunohistohemija; patologija ORIGINAL STUDIES ORIGINALNI NAUČNI RADOVI