Assessment of retinal blood vessels in ophthalmoscopy fundus examination is a basic and standard exam in case of systemic diseases such as: diabetes mellitus, hypertension, arteriosclerosis and kidney disease. The introduction of retinal optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) enables the imaging of small retinal blood vessels in a highly precise and repeatable manner providing high resolution images. This review presents the changes in retinal blood vessels in the course of systemic

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... ease based on optical coherence tomography angiography and the clinical application of this method. In the future, OCTA, as an accurate, routine and non-invasive method, may become commonly used not only in ophthalmology but also in other fields of medicine such as diabetology, hypertensiology, cardiology, rheumatology, pediatrics and others.