The objective of this study was to perform a literature review over clinical studies about the use of xenogenous bone substitutes simultaneously with the installation of implants. Background: The relentless pursuit of alternative materials for autogenous bonegraft made several research groups develop different kinds of bone substitute materials as well as different techniques. The use of xenogenous bonegrafts are a reality and studies already have shown their safety, providing satisfactory

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... ts when compared to autogenous grafts. The lack of donor site morbidity in the use of such bone substitute materials added to the convenience and their properties led them to be a great choice for different techniques for augmentation. Methods: The search strategy was performed in MEDLINE database scanning the subjects of interest using three different descriptors: "dental implants"; "immediate"; "bone substitute materials". Two hundred and fifty-eight records were identified through database and other sources searching. No duplicates were identified; thus 258 records were screened. After applying the inclusion criteria, 222 records were excluded and 36 records were included in the qualitative analysis. Conclusions: Although the majority of studies did not have as the main objective to evaluate the quality of osseointegration, it was possible to presume that the success rates of implants installed simultaneously with bone substitute materials are high (over than 90%) and can be considered a valuable and feasible technique. Moreover, the use of bone substitute materials has several indications such as to fulfill gaps, to increase implant stability, to maintain vertical and horizontal dimension of alveolar crest, and, in some cases, to improve osseointegration.