Japa皿ese learnersneed to learn '」 written language " foracademicwriting . ' ' Written ianguage " inclydes wide − ranging concePts such as genre ( e. 9, newspaper , acade 皿 icPaPer} ' 「 , rhetoric 、 and for 皿 japanese learners especiallyneed to acquire sPecific vocabulary and exPressions for acade 皿 icpapers and to distinguish the皿 fro 皿 " sPoken Ianguage " that they have already learned ・ However , there are few皿aterialsand exercises for learning and dis 仁 iaguishing specific vocabulary and

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... essiDns for academie paPers . This PaPer defines sPecific vDcabulary and exPressions for acade 皿 ic Papers as " written language " in a narrow sense alld discusses the needs of a " written language syllabus " .