The W-S (Wake-Sleep) algorithm is a simple learning rule for the models with hidden variables. It is shown that this algorithm can be applied to a factor analysis model which is a linear version of the Helmholtz machine. But even for a factor analysis model, the general convergence is not proved theoretically. In this article, we describe the geometrical understanding of the W-S algorithm in contrast with the EM (Expectation-Maximization) algorithm and the em algorithm. As the result, we prove

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... he convergence of the W-S algorithm for the factor analysis model. We also show the condition for the convergence in general models.