A new systematic method is presented for including parasitic resistances and offset voltage sources of power switches into averaged dynamic large-sigDal, dc, and smaIl-sigual circuit models of pulse-width modulation (PWM) converters operating in continuous conduction mode (CCM). This method � based on the principle of energy conservation. The proposed approach takes inlo account the inductor current ripple. With zero-ripple current simplification, the presented method gives the same res u1ts as

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... the state-space averaging method. Ref lection rules are Introduced and used 10 simplify the models. As an example, a procedure of modeling the PWM buck converter Is detaIled.