Botulinum toxin injection: a review of injection principles and protocols

David E. Rapp, Alvaro Lucioni, Gregory T. Bales
2007 International Brazilian Journal of Urology  
Despite the favorable outcomes seen using botulinum toxin (BTX) for voiding dysfunction using BTX, a standardized technique and protocol for toxin injection is not defined. We reviewed the current literature on intravesical BTX injection for DO (detrusor overactivity). Specific attention was placed on defining optimal injection protocol, including dose, volume, and injection sites. In addition, we sought to describe a standard technique to BTX injection.
doi:10.1590/s1677-55382007000200002 pmid:17488531 fatcat:ofz5fqrkazbjrapnlonsaqn3dy