The retinal images are widely used in the diagnosis and treatment of various eye diseases such as diabetic retinopathy, cataract and glaucoma. Normally retinal images are classified manually by clinicians trained in time and process resources. Segmentation imaging of the eye retina provides an important role in the calculation the shape and size of the optic disc and the anterior segment and the abnormal growth of any geometry in the eye region. It automatically and precisely calculates the

more »

... es of location, position and contour area and a structural part of the image required by ophthalmologists. When there is an elevated intra ocular pressure from the normal condition, the subject is affected by glaucoma and in this condition the retinal nerve fiber layer and the optic disc are affected and this leads to progressive loss of vision. This paper proposes a novel method for glaucoma screening by using optic disc & cup segmentation. But , the segmentation methods suffer from many problems such as the optimization, and initialization inadequate in noisy images results. In this paper, we are tried to locate the most important region of the eye optic disc and optic cup using a morphological operations. The optic disc is the area on the retina optic nerve axons that enter and leave the eye. The proposed work consists pre processing using morphological operations and then segmentation of optic disc and optic cup by using the morphological operations. These operations are minimizing errors detection limit of the optic disc due to blood vessels cross. Then, the cup to disc ratio (CDR) is calculated using these operations. The cup to disc ratio is more than 0.3 then patients are glaucoma otherwise normal. Spatially Weighted Fuzzy C Mean (SWFCM) clustering method is used to segment the optic disc and Superpixel algorithm is used to segment the optic cup. The segmented optic disc and cup are then used to compute the CDR for glaucoma screening. Optic disc and cup segmentation of fundus image is considered for Diabetic Retinopathy Detection and Glucoma detection. The implemented results using MATLAB shows accurate results obtained both for diabetic retinopathy as well as glaucoma.