We demonstrate a time-domain method to quantitatively retrieve the angular dependence of laser-induced electron rescattering from the measured rotational half-revival signals of molecules with a reaction microscope. The method is based on the measured channel-resolved ion yields of single ionization and electron-rescatteringinduced double ionization and the in situ measured alignment distribution of molecules. From the measured data for CO 2 , we retrieve the angular dependence of electron

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... ttering in nonsequential double ionization for both nondissociative and dissociative cases. The results imply that the angular dependence of electron rescattering is affected by the state of the parent ion populated during the first ionization step. The method demonstrated here opens up the possibility to quantitatively retrieve from measured data which molecular orbitals are involved in the interaction of strong laser fields with molecules.