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Birth Tissue-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal/Stem Cell Isolation and Assessment

Robert B. Diller, Department of Biological Sciences, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, USA, Robert G. Audet, Mediha Gurel, Eric T. Lee, Aaron J. Tabor, Peter McFetridge, Robert S. Kellar, Department of Biological Sciences, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, USA, J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA, Case Western Reserve University, Case School of Engineering, Cleveland OH, USA, Department of Biological Sciences, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, USA (+3 others)
2020 OBM Transplantation  

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Mesenchymal Stromal/Stem Cells (MSCs) were originally discovered in the 1970s. MSCs are considered a multipotent population that retain tri-lineage differentiation. These cells can be sourced from a variety of tissues, including bone marrow, adipose, molar pulp, and birth tissues. Historically varying definitions of MSCs have existed, but in 2006, the International Society for Cellular Therapy (ISCT) set forth a standardized, minimal criteria for MSCs, including plastic adherence,
more » ... n into osteoblasts, adipocytes, and chondrocytes, as well as the presence of specific cell surface markers (CD73, CD90, CD105), the absence of hematopoietic surface markers (CD34, CD45, CD11b, to name a few) and a lack or low expression of MHC Class II markers assessed via flow cytometry. In the current chapter, cell isolation and culturing methods from two differing birth tissue sources of MSCs are discussed. Cell isolation is described using tissue excision and migration as well as enzymatic digestion and plating. Histological and cellular identification markers were used along with flow cytometry applications, as outlined by the ISCT. Proliferation potential and growth kinetics are evaluated, and a description of trilineage differentiation has been provided. Lastly, a brief outline of the regenerative potential using MSCs in clinical applications is discussed.
doi:10.21926/obm.transplant.2002112 fatcat:vnj3oo2cmjfszhkrwxtuqdwq3u
Citation

Robert B. Diller, Department of Biological Sciences, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, USA, Robert G. Audet, Mediha Gurel, Eric T. Lee, Aaron J. Tabor, Peter McFetridge, Robert S. Kellar, Department of Biological Sciences, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, USA, J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA, Case Western Reserve University, Case School of Engineering, Cleveland OH, USA, Department of Biological Sciences, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, USA, J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA, Department of Biological Sciences, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, USA, Center for Materials Interfaces in Research & Applications (¡MIRA!), Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, USA. "Birth Tissue-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal/Stem Cell Isolation and Assessment." OBM Transplantation 4.2 (2020) 1-19