A simple FI and two different SI systems have been investigated for the determination of paracetamol by employing a simple reagent for a nitrosation reaction. It is based on the on-line nitrosation of paracetamol with sodium nitrite in an acidic medium. The formed nitroso derivative species reacts further with sodium hydroxide to convert it to a more stable compound. The yellow product is continuously monitored at 430 nm. The FI system is very simple and cost effective for fast manual operation

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... (60 injections/h; y = 0.268x + 44.314, r 2 = 0.9910 for 400 -1000 mg/l and y = 0.1687x + 145.72, r 2 = 0.9970 for 1000 -2500 mg/l). The two SI systems with different components and configurations are automated and optimized for the conditions for which no extra dilution is to be required for sample handling: one with a syringe pump and two selection valves (60 samples/h; y = 0.1488x -4.7297, r 2 = 0.9946 for 400 -1000 mg/l and y = 0.0858x + 63.933, r 2 = 0.9849 for 1000 -2500 mg/l); the other is simpler and more cost-effective, with an autoburette and only one selection valve (15 samples/h; y = 0.0072x + 1.1467, r 2 = 0.9977 for 200 -1000 mg/l and y = 0.0028x + 5.4699, r 2 = 0.9879 for 1000 -2500 mg/l). They have all been applied to assay paracetamol in pharmaceutical preparations. The obtained results agree with those by the US Pharmacopeia method.