摘要:通过调研发现运行于某线的 CRH6A 城际动车组车轮存在磨耗异常现象和较多以非均衡速度通过曲线的情况。基于运 行线路曲线半径及列车运行速度数据,通过建立车辆动力学计算模型和车轮磨耗预测模型研究曲线上列车运行速度对车轮磨 耗的影响。结果表明,该城际动车线曲线半径主要为 500~3 500 m,且运行于该线的城际动车组基本均以低于均衡速度的状 态通过曲线。在均衡速度以下 70%至均衡速度以上 10%的范围内通过半径 500 m 曲线,车轮整体磨耗受速度影响较小。在 1 500 m 及以上半径曲线上运行时, 随速度降低磨耗功指标及磨耗深度指标均呈现增大趋势, 尤其是轮缘磨耗指标明显增大。 在实际运营过程中应该综合考虑运行安全性和磨耗性能,设定车辆通过曲线速度。总结而言,该城际动车组运营线路曲线半 径相对较小且车辆基本低于均衡速度通过曲线导致其车轮磨耗严重,轮缘磨耗尤其严重。 关键词:城际动车组;非均衡速度;轮缘磨耗;小半径曲线;磨耗预测 中图分类号:U273 Abstract:Through research, it is found that the intercity EMU

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... nning on a certain line passes through the curve at non-equilibrium speed and abnormal wheel wear exists. Based on the radius of curve line and vehicle running speed, the vehicle dynamic models and the wear prediction model are built to study the effect of running speed on wheel wear. The results show t hat the curve radius is mainly between 500 m to 3 500 m; and the intercity EMU mostly negotiates the curves at a lower speed than the equilibrium speed; In the range of positive 10% and negative 70% of the equilibrium speed, the overall wear and flange we ar of the outer guiding wheel are affected by the speed on the curve of 500 m radius slightly. On the curve of 1 500 m radius and above, when the vehicle runs at the speed of below the equilibrium speed, the wear power index and the wear depth index would increase with the decrease of speed, especially the flange wear index increases obviously. In the actual operation process, the speed of vehicle passing curve should be chosen under consideration of the running safety and wear performance. In summary, the cur ve radius of the intercity EMU line are relatively small and the vehicle negotiate the curve at a lower speed than the equilibrium speed, which results in serious wheel wear, especially the serious wheel flange wear. Key words:intercity EMU;non-equilibrium speed;flange wear;small radius curve;wear prediction 0 前言 ① 随着我国城市化进程的不断推进,国家规划的 城市群不断增多, 以 C 标记的城际动车组得到发展, 相对一般高速铁路曲线半径设置均为 7~8 km 及以 上,这种城际动车组运行线路采用相对较小半径的 曲线,其半径较多为 4 km 以下,同时相对地铁和 传统普速铁路线路车辆,城际动车组却有更高的运 * 国家重点研发计划资助项目(2018YFB1201603-08)。20191015 收到初 稿,20200206 收到修改稿 行速度,其运行速度为 160~200 km/h,因此城际 动车组的车轮磨耗问题具有一定的特殊性。本文调 研发现运行于某线的 CRH6A 城际动车组车轮轮缘 存在磨耗异常的情况,严重情况下出现每万 km 轮 缘磨耗厚度达到 1.34 mm。为保障列车运行安全, 轮缘厚度需要维持在一定的限制之上,轮对需定期 镟修车轮,镟修车轮时一律要求恢复轮缘原形,轮 缘厚度每增加 1 mm,踏面有用金属要镟去 2~ 3 mm。由于轮缘修复需要按约 1∶6 的比例消耗轮 径,大量的轮缘修复将导致运用动车组轮径快速下 降、大量轮对轮径非正常磨耗到限,给动车组的运