Despite advances in antibiotic treatment, mechanical ventilation, fluid resuscitation, and blood glucose control, sepsis continues to be a leading cause of death in critical care units. To present, no effective treatment regimens for the routine management of septic patients exist. The core pathophysiology of sepsis is influenced by the substantial interaction between inflammation and coagulation. As a result, medicines that reduce the activation of both inflammation and coagulation may help to

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... improve sepsis outcomes. Heparin, in addition to its well-known anticoagulant properties, also has immunomodulatory capabilities and prevents glycocalyx from shedding. As a result, heparin appears to be such an agent. Anticoagulant therapy should be given at the right time, as immunothrombosis plays an important role in the initial host defense against bacterial growth. We explore the scientific and clinical evidence that supports the use of heparin in sepsis. Heparin's usage in the treatment of sepsis is currently debatable. Future heparin treatment trials for sepsis should focus on the most critically ill subjects, where benefit is most likely to be shown.