Stokes shift spectroscopy (S3) offers a novel and simpler way to rapidly recognize spectral fingerprints of multiple fluorophores in complex media such as in tissue. This spectroscopic technique can be used as an effective approach to detect cancer in tissue. The alterations of the measured S3 spectra between cancerous and normal tissues were observed in human breast and prostate samples. In order to obtain the optimal Stokes shift interval, Δλ i , for the purpose of breast/prostate cancer

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... tion using S3, the S3 spectra of a mixed aqueous solution of tryptophan, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, and flavin were measured with different Δλ i values. The experimental results analyzed using nonnegative least square method show that there is a reduced contribution from collagen and an increased contribution from tryptophan to the S3 signal of the cancerous tissue as compared with those of the normal tissue. This study indicates that the changes of relative contents of tryptophan and collagen in tissue shown by the S3 spectra may present potential native biomarkers for breast and prostate cancer detection. S3 has the potential to be a new armamentarium. Pu et al.: Stokes shift spectroscopic analysis of multifluorophores. . . Downloaded From: http://biomedicaloptics.spiedigitallibrary.org/pdfaccess.ashx?url=/data/journals/biomedo/926084/ on 04/15/2017 Terms of Use: http://spiedigitallibrary.org/ss/term