This study aimed at evaluating oxidant and antioxidant markers (including nitrite, nitrate, total antioxidant capacity (TAC), malondialdehyde (MDA), iron, selenium, glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and glutathione reductase (GR) in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and compare them with healthy controls. Methods: Serum samples were obtained from 35 patients (19 ulcerative colitis (UC) and 16 Crohn's disease (CD) in the active phase of the disease) and 30 healthy controls. Serum levels

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... of nitrite and nitrate, TAC, MDA, iron, selenium, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione reductase were measured. The results were compared between the two groups using independent t-student test. The Pearson's correlation coefficient (for continuous data) was performed using the SPSS software. Results: Serum levels of nitrite, nitrate, and MDA were significantly higher (P = 0.001) in patients with IBD, while the levels of TAC, trace elements, glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and Glutathione Reductase (GR) levels were lower (P < 0.05) in patients with IBD. However, when females were considered separately, Gpx and GR activities were not significantly different in those with and without IBD. The present results showed that nitrite, MDA, GPx, GR, and Se: MDA ratio had the strongest correlation with disease activity score. Conclusions: There is an imbalance between oxidant and antioxidant properties in patients with IBD, which highlights the role of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of this disease.