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A multi-dimensional approach to force-directed layouts of large graphs*1
<span title="">2004</span>
<i title="Elsevier BV">
<a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://fatcat.wiki/container/g3swg5xvjjbr3mbsu5d4kdvvoa" style="color: black;">International Journal of Production Economics</a>
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We present a novel hierarchical force-directed method for drawing large graphs. The algorithm produces a graph embedding in an Euclidean space E of any dimension. A two or three dimensional drawing of the graph is then obtained by projecting a higher-dimensional embedding into a two or three dimensional subspace of E. Projecting high-dimensional drawings onto two or three dimensions often results in drawings that are "smoother" and more symmetric. Among the other notable features of our
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... are the utilization of a maximal independent set filtration of the set of vertices of a graph, a fast energy function minimization strategy, efficient memory management, and an intelligent initial placement of vertices. Our implementation of the algorithm can draw graphs with tens of thousands of vertices using a negligible amount of memory in less than one minute on a mid-range PC.
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