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Gravitational lens equation for embedded lenses; magnification and ellipticity
2011
Physical Review D
We give the lens equation for light deflections caused by point mass condensations in an otherwise spatially homogeneous and flat universe. We assume the signal from a distant source is deflected by a single condensation before it reaches the observer. We call this deflector an embedded lens because the deflecting mass is part of the mean density. The embedded lens equation differs from the conventional lens equation because the deflector mass is not simply an addition to the cosmic mean. We
doi:10.1103/physrevd.84.083004
fatcat:2qera55mmzh5xla33jmagf4k6e