Postoperative pulmonary complications following thoracic surgery still have a high rate of occurrence, which increase the length of stay and also cause an increase in the rate of morbidity and mortality. Prevention and treatment of these complications are indications to pulmonary rehabilitation in preoperative and postoperative periods of thoracic surgery for promoting the patient to return his/her functional life and to being as active as possible. In this paper, considering the current

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... ure and routine clinical knowledge, postoperative pulmonary rehabilitation in thoracic surgery will be mentioned and discussed. Despite the inadequate literature on this topic, it was proved that pulmonary rehabilitation programs including deep breathing exercises, coughing, ambulation, and pain control managements were effective. It was reported that, pulmonary rehabilitation programs including these methods reduced postoperative pulmonary complication rate, length of stay, need of medical service, and the cost of medical treatment. Considering the clinical benefits putting emphasis on to pulmonary rehabilitation which is simple, cost effective and safe would be important in surgery success, cost effectiveness and patient's outcomes.