Emerging technologies for 5G-enabled vehicular networks

Yang Yang, Kun Hua
2019 IEEE Access  
Internet of Vehicles is a specific application of Internet of Things technology in intelligent transportation systems, and has attracted attention of relevant research institutions, automobile manufacturers and communication technology suppliers all over the world. The US government has spent hundreds of millions of dollars on DSRC development, which is a technology that can help achieve V2V and V2I communications, and enable vehicles to communicate with intelligent traffic lights to mitigate
more » ... affic congestion and accidents or bad weather on the road. Automakers such as GM and Toyota have well deployed Wi-Fi-based DSRC technology. But with the continuous development of 5G and D2D communications, cellular technology tends to be a strong candidate for V2X communications..Although 5G communication technology does not yet have a unified standard, its related concepts and trends have been recognized by industry area. Automobile manufacturers represented by Ford and BMW expect to achieve a leap in automotive networking through 5G. In the face of the 5G era, the dispute between DSRC and LTE standards has become a hot topic in the field of car networking. DSRC, a dedicated short-range communication developed and tested by automotive technology suppliers is under threat, and the next generation of 5G technology might be the final answer. Based on this point, this paper firstly introduces the development history of the Internet of Vehicles communication standard, and analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of DSRC and cellular network communication technology. Then, the three core elements of the Internet of Vehicles (Node Performance, local Network, and Internet of Things) are discussed for the development trend of vehicle networking communication technology in the context of 5G. Finally, this chapter explains the impact of the development of 5G communication technology on the future development of vehicle networking, and proposes the possible development directions of future vehicle networking technologies. INDEX TERMS Intelligent transportation systems, vehicular and wireless technologies, Internet of Things, 5G, DSRC, SDN, mobile cloud computing, mobile edge computing. NOMENCLATURE Abbreviations Full name 3G magnetic flux 4G 3rd Generation 5G fifth-generation 5G-VANET 5G enabled vehicular ad hoc network AB Automotive Brain AHS Advanced Highway System AHS Automated Highway System VOLUME 7, 2019 This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License. For more information, see http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 1) APPLICATION OF D2D IN VANET In the Internet of Vehicles, mobile access points are dense, vehicle communication distance is relatively small, and the number of communication nodes is extremely large; hence, D2D communication will be able to exert great advantages. However, the biggest difference between vehicle-centric D2D communication and human-centered D2D communication is mobility. Due to the limited range of D2D communication and the faster movement of vehicles, vehicles that are undergoing D2D communication are easily disconnected due to an out-of-communication range. However, a vehicle can only travel on an existing road. Unlike other mobile devices which can move in any direction, its movement state is limited. At present, the vehicle network DSRC technology achieves workshop and road communication. However, the RSU / OBU communication distance is short, which easily leads to the scalability problem of the traffic message network. It is necessary to improve the traffic message transmission VOLUME 7, 2019
doi:10.1109/access.2019.2954466 fatcat:3xpdiipkfngc3ffmridlq6wrbu