Recent development and challenges in DNA biosensing technology for the detection of DNA hybridization are reviewed with respect to their abilities to achieve lower detection limit and higher selectivity. Researchers exploit a range of different chemistries for the development of DNA hybridization biosensors, however all the designs take advantage of heterogenous hybridization between the surface-bound DNA (the probe) and the DNA sample (target) in the solution. The detection protocols include

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... ing optical, microgravimetry, and electrochemical-based device to transduce DNA hybridization by observing changes in light, mass/frequency, and current/charge, respectively, upon exposure to the sample. The pros and cons of these biosensor designs are discussed with illustrative examples.