Links, Knots, and Knotted Labyrinths in Bistable Systems

Anatoly Malevanets, Raymond Kapral
1996 Physical Review Letters  
The existence of stable links and knots is demonstrated in three-dimensional, bistable, chemical media. The reaction-diffusion medium segregates into regions of high and low concentration separated by sharp interfaces. The interfaces repel at short distances so that domains with various topologies are possible depending on the initial conditions and system parameters. Front instabilities can give rise to knotted labyrinthine patterns. A lattice-gas model whose mean-field limit is the
more » ... gumo equation is described and implemented to carry out the simulations.
doi:10.1103/physrevlett.77.767 pmid:10062897 fatcat:4plqkvzogbhzbk673kcxmc35nq