Typhoid fever, caused by Salmonella Typhi (S. Typhi), is one of the deadly diseases and is a serious public health problem around the world. The prevalence of typhoid fever in five flood affected Districts (Bannu, Hangu, Karak, Kohat and Peshawar) of khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan during 2010/11 was investigated in this study. The blood samples of 110 hospitalized patients were used for clinical diagnosis applying widal test and Dot immunosorbent Assay (DIA), and their results were

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... ared for analysis. A total of 60 patients were found positive for widal test, however only 67 % patients of them were positive for DIA. More males (52%) than females (48%) were infected by Salmonella. The ratio of typhoid patients was greater in young people having ages between 24-38 years. These preliminary informations could be helpful for future mass screening in the country. It is concluded that DIA could be used as an authentic confirmative diagnostic technique for the detection of S. Typhi. This study provides important information about the net incidence of typhoid in the region that would help in proposed future health policies.