Historical, current and future aspects of the potential value of 'phyto-oestrogens' and lifestyle in lowering the risk of endocrine cancer, and high-lighting the crucial importance of global policy makers in providing the means for a healthier diet, is the purport of this paper. Early studies in Chiang Mai, Thailand, and S.W. Australia demonstrated the potential value of oestrogen-like dietary constituents, viz. flavonoids and lignans, in treating menstrual dysfunction and acting as potential

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... tioestrogens and anticarcingens, acting directly through oestrogen receptor mechanisms or even indirectly. This report also listed some international migrant studies. Chemopreventative strategies need to be undertaken, based on well-designed evidence-based information, which lead to the development of functional foods. A balance has to be struck which takes all major disease causes into account and, an affordable lifestyle strategy has to be developed for homo economicus, at different stages of human development, from the conceptus to old age, in which epigenetics must play a very significant role in disease prevention.