Circuits such as logic cells, static random access memories, analog-digital converters and dc-dc converters can be used as building blocks for applications that can function efficiently over a wide range of supply voltages. ABSTRACT | Energy efficiency of electronic circuits is a critical concern in a wide range of applications from mobile multimedia to biomedical monitoring. An added challenge is that many of these applications have dynamic workloads. To reduce the energy consumption under

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... e variable computation requirements, the underlying circuits must function efficiently over a wide range of supply voltages. This paper presents voltage-scalable circuits such as logic cells, SRAMs, ADCs, and dc-dc converters. Using these circuits as building blocks, two different applications are highlighted. First, we describe an H.264/AVC video decoder that efficiently scales between QCIF and 1080p resolutions, using a supply voltage varying from 0.5 V to 0.85 V. Second, we describe a 0.3 V 16-bit microcontroller with on-chip SRAM, where the supply voltage is generated efficiently by an integrated dc-dc converter. Fig. 5. Trend in minimum energy point of a 32 b adder with process scaling using predictive models [31].