Nomenclature CHAPTER 1 1.1 Scope of the Study CHAPTER 2 LITERATURE REVIEW 2.1 Normal Alkanes 2.1.1 Carbon Chain Structure 2.2 Crystal Structures of n-Alkanes 2.2.1 Phase Transition 2.2.2 Equilibrium Melting Temperature 2.2.3 Enthalpy and Entropy Changes 2.3 Systems of Alkanes 2.3.1 Application of Mixtures of Alkanes as a Energy Storage 2.3 -2 Typical Isobaric Phase Diagrams 2.3 -3 Ternary Mixture 2.3.3.1 Triangular Diagram 2.3 -4 Effects of Non-Equilibrium Solidification 2.4 Differential

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... g Calorimetry, DSC 2.4.1 Applications of DSC to the Study of Binary Systems 2.4.1.1 Application of DSC on Binary Solid Solution System 2.4.1.2 Application of DSC to Binary Eutectic System 2.5 Hammami's Study vi ix xi xiv 2.5.1 Non-isothermal Crystallization Kinetics 2.5.2 Multicomponent Systems 2.6 Crystallization Theories for Binary Systems 2.6.1 Thermodynamic Approach 2.6.2 The Ideal Isomorphous System 2.6.3 The Ideal Eutectic System 2.6.4 Regular Solutions 2.7 Crystalliazation Theories of Multicomponent Mixtures 2.8 Chain Delta Lattice Parameter Model CHAPTER 3 EXPERIMENTAL 3.1 Materials 3.1.1 Pure Components 3.2 Sample Preparation 3.2.1 Pure Components 3.2.2 Binary Mixture 3.2.3 Ternary Mixtures 3.3 Instrumentation 3.3.1 New Refrigeration System 3.3.2 Data Processing 3.3.3 Thermal Behavior 3.3 -3.1 Temperature Programs 3.3.3.2. Effects of Temperature Program Rates 3.3.3.3 Equilibrium Melting Temperature CHAPTER 4 RESULTS AM> DISCUSSION 4.1 Pure Component 4.1.1 Analysis of DSC Thermograms 4.1.2 Effect of Scan Rates on the Peak Temperature 4.1.2.1 Effect of Cooling Rate on Rotator Transition Temperature and the Melting Transition Temperature of Cis 4.2 Binary Mixture 4.2.1 Gibbs Free Energy Analysis 4.2.2 Comparison between Models 4.2.3 Reproducibility of DSC Thermal Measurements 4.2.4 DSC Measurement of Binary Mixtures 4.3.1 Analysis of DSC Thermograms for C16<28 Mixture 4.3.2 Equilibrium Phase Diagrams and Equilibrium Calculation 4-3.2.1 Calculation Based on Ideal Solution 4.3.2.2 Calculation Based on Regular Solution Theory 4.3.2.3 Calculation Based on Won's (1986) and Pedersen et al.'s (1 99 1) Models 4.3 -3 Analysis o f DSC Thermograms for C16+C4~ Mixture 4.3 -4 Analysis of DSC Thermograms for C28+C41 M m r e 4.3.5 Analysis of the Value of Empirical Parameter in the Regular Solution Theory CHAPTER 5 5.1 Analysis of DSC Thermograms of Ternary Mixture 5.2 Experimental Phase Diagrams 5.3 Calculation based on the Ideal Solution Theory, Won's (1 986) and Pedersen et al's (1 99 1) Models CHAPTER 6 SUMMARY OF RESULTS 6.1 Pure n-A1 kanes 6.2 Binary Mixtures 6.3 Ternary Mixture CHAPTER 7 7.1 Conclusions 7.2 Recommendation For Future Work CHAPTER 8 REFERENCE APPENDIX CALCULATION FOR DATA PROCESSING A. 1 Calculation A2 Data Processing ' difference between experimental and calculated (c) values