Humman immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is associated with opportunistic cancers notably Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). Generally the response to chemotherapy or radiation therapy is satisfactory but requires nursing measures to protect these patients from superinfection to which they are highly predisposed by the double immunosuppression. We report the case of a 54 years-old known HIV sero-positive female with lymphoma of the nasopharynx who presented lately and died of septic shock despite the favorable evolution of the tumor on treatment.