Review Article IJPRR (2019) 2:22 Objective: To find any role of optimism and/or resilience mediating emotional distress in infertility. Method: We performed a literature search for 2000-2017 in PubMed, PsycINFO and Elsevier, for original articles and reviews, using keywords "resilience," "infertility," "optimism," "LOT-R," "in vitro fertilization," and "assisted reproductive technology." Additional references were collected from articles located thereby. Results: The evidence reveals a growing

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... rend of promoting people´s positive health assets and indicates significant negative associations of optimism and resilience with anxiety and depression and positive associations with self-esteem and perception of control. It seems optimism and resilience heavily influence physical and mental health and diminishes emotional distress due to infertility. Discussion: This review highlights the importance of the development of therapeutic and preventive interventions increasing optimism and resilience against affective dysregulation and emotional distress caused by infertility.