Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is more common in those who have special human leukocyte antigen (HLA) genetic types. One of the most important genetic risk factors for RA lies in HLADRB1 locus. The purpose of this meta-analysis was to figure out which HLA-DRB1 allele frequencies are associated with a risk of RA per allele and phenotype group. The statistics data was calculated using RevMan version 5.4.1. This meta-analysis includes nine articles involving 3004 RA patients and 2384 healthy controls.

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... n the allele group, three HLA-DRB1 alleles; HLA-DRB1*10 (OR = 1.88, 95%CI = 1.25-2.83, p = 0.002), HLA-DRB1*04 (OR = 2.38, 95%CI = 1.73-3.29, p < 0.00001), and HLA-DRB1*01 frequencies were shown to be considerably higher in RA patients compared to controls, potentially increasing the chance of disease development. Four HLA-DRB1 alleles among the included studies (*03, *07, *11, *13, and *14) which was observed that these are more prevalent in healthy persons than in RA patients, and may contribute as a protective factor against disease onset. Only the DRB1*04 subtypes DRB1*0401 (OR = 1.37, 95 percent CI = 1.05-1.79, p = 0.02) and DRB1*0404 (OR = 1.73, 95% CI = 1.19-12.53, p = 0.004) show a significant association with the risk of RA in our pooled effect. Moreover, the findings demonstrated a significant relationship between HLA-DRB1 and the risk of disease in various ethnic groups.