Review question / Objective: In this review, we aim to present the development and current application of 3D printing, virtual reality (VR), and augmented reality (AR) techniques for prostate procedures, specifically prostate biopsy (Bx) and radical prostatectomy (RP). Condition being studied: Three-dimensional (3D) visualization has been reported as early as 20 years ago but is only recently applied so extensively in the medical field, due to price re d u c t i o n a n d t h e r a p i d d e v

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... l o p m e n t o f i m a g i n g reconstruction techniques. Virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR) techniques, developed based on the 3D reconstruction of imaging data, can further enhance the impact of real-time imaging guidance during surgery with more realistic and accurate anatomic insights and tumor localization. In this review, we aim to present the development and current application of 3D printing, VR, and AR technologies for the management of prostate cancer. INPLASY registration number: This protocol was registered with the International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols (INPLASY) on 16 April 2020 and was last u p d a t e d o n 1 6 A p r i l 2 0 2 0 ( r e g i s t r a t i o n n u m b e r INPLASY202040096).