Persistent depressive disorder (PDD) is a new classification in the DSM-5 that includes dysthymia, chronic major depressive disorder, recurrent major depressive disorder, and dual depression. Although a new concept, PDD is already a common mood disorder. However, information about the disease is limited. This review provides an overview of the history of PDD, clarifies the definition of persistent depression, and explores some of the controversies surrounding PDD. The results showed that there

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... re many possible causes, including family and social factors. This review also includes new advances in therapies currently approved by major scientific bodies, including psychotherapy and pharmacotherapy, and provides a new perspective for future treatment and recurrence prevention. There is little research on PDD, specifically in biology, and researchers could put more effort into this area.