The understanding of the internal organization of soft materials such as polymer membranes is crucial in the development of new energy materials such as fuel cell membranes. TEM studies have played a major role in the characterization of the microphase separated domains of these materials and demonstrate their effects on their conductivities and mechanical properties [1, 2] . The role of crystalline domains in these systems on ion conductivity, water uptake and durability presents another area

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... f current interest [3] . Previous work has demonstrated the use of cryogenic scanning nanobeam electron diffraction (cryo-NBED) to visualize crystallinity in soft materials including polymer thin films with a resolution down to 10 nm [4] . Here, we show that reducing the dose by a factor of 10 enables imaging of small crystalline domains, just a few nanometers in size, within semicrystalline polymer membranes. In a model system of hydrogenated polynorbornene (hPN), we investigate the effect of incorporation of cationic groups, necessary for fuel cell applications, on crystallinity of the polymer membrane. Bulk measurements of the 5:1 hPN-co-iPrMe copolymer have shown a severe suppression of the membrane crystallinity due to incorporation of the cationic groups (iPrMe) [5] . The low degree of crystallinity in the copolymer (5-10% compared to the hPN homopolymer) coupled with its radiation sensitivity presents a challenge in real-space imaging. Figure 1 shows the results of cryo-NBED experiments performed with an electron microscope pixel array detector (EMPAD) on the copolymer and homopolymer at a dose of ~7 e/Å 2 and ~3 e/Å 2 , respectively. The cryogenic 4D-STEM data were collected at 300kV on an FEI Titan Themis with a 3 ms acquisition time per pixel. The semiconvergence angle used was 0.57 mrad resulting in a probe size of ~2 nm and the pixel size was set to match the size of the probe. Cryogenic sample cooling as well as the use of a low electron dose enabled imaging of even the small (~5 nm) domains in the copolymer (Fig. 1A) . Py4DSTEM was used to analyze the raw data and detect the location of Bragg disks corresponding to crystalline domains in the specimen [6] . The domains are characterized by the orientation of the Bragg disks detected in each diffraction pattern. Examples of crystalline domain diffraction patterns are illustrated in Fig. 1A .i-ii. where we have summed nine convergent beam electron diffraction (CBED) patterns to more clearly show the weak Bragg disks in crystalline regions as well as the lack thereof in the amorphous regions (Fig. 1A. iii.). A dose assessment is an essential part of the analysis of these soft materials. As a reference, the highly crystalline hPN homopolymer was used to determine a critical dose at which the crystalline domains are destroyed (Fig. 2 ) [4, 7] . The same field of view was exposed and re-exposed multiple times using a dose of ~3 e/Å 2 . As the total dose increases, a clear loss of crystallinity is observed demonstrating the necessity of low dose imaging for semicrystalline polymer materials. For the hPN homopolymer, even a dose of more than ~10 e/Å 2 results in severe damage which is also clearly visible in the virtual ADF images (Fig. 2) . Coupling cryogenic cooling with low dose NBED imaging using a sensitive detector allows characterization of semicrystalline polymers with few-nanometer resolution.