■ ■ ABSTRACT Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is a common heterogeneous syndrome that in some cases is transitional between normal age-related cognitive changes and dementia. Identifying it early may lead to prompt recognition of reversible causes and allows for timely future planning. This article describes definitions of MCI and its evaluation, differential diagnosis, and management. ■ ■ KEY POINTS MCI that primarily involves memory or multiple domains has a higher risk of progressing to

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... ia. Depression and the effects of anticholinergic medication can mimic MCI, and these should be looked for in patients presenting with cognitive loss. Impaired functional status as reflected in activities of daily living is an important sign of progression from MCI to dementia. Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors are not approved for treating MCI, have shown little efficacy in altering progression to dementia, and have multiple side effects. Enhancing physical and mental health and developing strategies to compensate for deficits are key management approaches.