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Application of Exact and Multi-Heuristic Approaches to a Sustainable Closed Loop Supply Chain Network Design
2021
Sustainability
Closed-loop supply chains (CLSC) are gaining popularity due to their efficiency in addressing economic, environmental, and social concerns. An important point to ponder in the distribution of CLSC is that imperfect refrigeration and bad road conditions may result in product non-conformance during the transit and thus such products are to be returned to the supply node. This may hinder the level of customer satisfaction. This paper presents a sustainable closed-loop supply chain framework
doi:10.3390/su13052433
fatcat:x3f464y2djc6xlexiuyqriwybe