The research aims to demonstrate the importance of the Nile waters and Egypt's historical rights in it، and the keenness of each specialist to give his opinion in it، each according to his specialization and expertise، and it also aims to address any attempts to prejudice or detract from Egypt's rights in the Nile waters. From the irrigation projects on the Nile River outside Egypt's borders، and his promotion of these projects and their alleged benefits to Egypt، with the help of experts and

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... gineers from his followers and those working for his interests، which was rejected by the Egyptian patriots who refused to single out the occupation by deciding a crucial issue that affects all Egyptians. When the occupation authorities and their supporters found opposition from the Egyptian national engineers to these projects; They sought to deceive the Egyptians، with the aim of obtaining their approval، by exploiting some of the opinions and interpretations presented by their loyalists from the [religious] men affiliated with Islam about the right of the [patriarchal] occupation authority to decide what it sees about the Nile waters، and to present it as a trustworthy guardian over the interests of the subjugated peoples. Hence، the Egyptian national engineers turned to one of the senior scholars of Al-Azhar، Sheikh Muhammad Hassanein Makhlouf Al-Adawi، to respond to these fatwas and misleading allegations، and to refute them thoroughly. Which the supporters of the projects relied on، and he explained in detail the position of Islamic Sharia regarding the issue of dividing the waters of rivers in general and the Nile in particular، taking into account the rights of the peoples of the Nile Valley to benefit from its waters in the development of their resources and economy، in a manner that does not prejudice the rights of others and does not represent any Threatening them now or in the future.