Measurements of historical specimens are widely applied in studies of taxonomy, systematics, and ecology, but biologists often assume that the effects of preservative chemicals on the morphology of amphibian specimens do not affect their analyses. We compared the body length and body mass of 14 live and preserved (up to 10 years) amphibian species and found that the body length and body mass of preserved specimens significantly decreased by 7.1% and 26.7%, respectively, compared to those

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... ments of their live counterparts. Additionally, there was greater body length (3.6%) and body mass (6.6%) shrinkage in the order Urodela than in the order Anura, but there were no significant differences in body length and body mass shrinkage between males and females. Furthermore, preservation apparently distorted the magnitude of the intersexual and interspecific differences in body length observed in the fresh specimens. When species were compared, we found that the shrinkage was proportionately greater in longer species, while the body mass of heavier individuals shrank proportionately less than that of lighter individuals. Due to the effects of preservation on amphibian morphology, we propose parsimonious conversion equations to back-calculate the original body length and body mass of study animals for researchers working with historical data because morphological data from preserved specimens may lead to incorrect biological interpretations. Therefore, researchers must correct for errors due to preservation effects that may lead to the misinterpretation of results.