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Infectious KoRV-related retroviruses circulating in Australian bats

Joshua A. Hayward, Mary Tachedjian, Claudia Kohl, Adam Johnson, Megan Dearnley, Brianna Jesaveluk, Christine Langer, Philip D. Solymosi, Georg Hille, Andreas Nitsche, Cecilia A. Sánchez, Adam Werner (+10 others)
2020 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America  

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Bats are reservoirs of emerging viruses that are highly pathogenic to other mammals, including humans. Despite the diversity and abundance of bat viruses, to date they have not been shown to harbor exogenous retroviruses. Here we report the discovery and characterization of a group of koala retrovirus-related (KoRV-related) gammaretroviruses in Australian and Asian bats. These include the Hervey pteropid gammaretrovirus (HPG), identified in the scat of the Australian black flying fox (Pteropus
more » ... lecto), which is the first reproduction-competent retrovirus found in bats. HPG is a close relative of KoRV and the gibbon ape leukemia virus (GALV), with virion morphology and Mn2+-dependent virion-associated reverse transcriptase activity typical of a gammaretrovirus. In vitro, HPG is capable of infecting bat and human cells, but not mouse cells, and displays a similar pattern of cell tropism as KoRV-A and GALV. Population studies reveal the presence of HPG and KoRV-related sequences in several locations across northeast Australia, as well as serologic evidence for HPG in multiple pteropid bat species, while phylogenetic analysis places these bat viruses as the basal group within the KoRV-related retroviruses. Taken together, these results reveal bats to be important reservoirs of exogenous KoRV-related gammaretroviruses.
doi:10.1073/pnas.1915400117 pmid:32284399 fatcat:vr6czjypdbcs7awb5obfa6pbba
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Joshua A. Hayward, Mary Tachedjian, Claudia Kohl, Adam Johnson, Megan Dearnley, Brianna Jesaveluk, Christine Langer, Philip D. Solymosi, Georg Hille, Andreas Nitsche, Cecilia A. Sánchez, Adam Werner, Dimitri Kontos, Gary Crameri, Glenn A. Marsh, Michelle L. Baker, Pantelis Poumbourios, Heidi E. Drummer, Edward C. Holmes, Lin-Fa Wang, Ina Smith, Gilda Tachedjian. "Infectious KoRV-related retroviruses circulating in Australian bats." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 117.17 (2020) 201915400