This paper gives an outline of key technologies necessary for science-based agriculture. In order to design future agriculture, present agriculture should be redesigned based on the context of smart agriculture that indicates the overall form of agriculture including a social system while the present precision agriculture shows a technical form of agriculture only. Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) and the various type of optical sensors are assumed to be a basic technology of smart agriculture

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... h intends the harmony with the economic development and sustainable agro-ecosystem. In this paper, the current state and development for the optical sensing for environment and plant are introduced. key words: ICT, optical sensing, infrared spectroscopy, fluorescent X-ray spectroscopy, visible spectroscopy, agricultural products Takaharu Kameoka holds a Doctor