1-Back ground:The study and follow up of postoperative thyroidectomy patient is important in evaluation of postoperative complications. 2-Objectives: to determine the incidence of postoperative complications of thyroid surgery. Methods: sixty-six patients with thyroid diseases were admitted to surgical unit, Medical city-teaching center in the period from 1-Oct. 2001 to 1-Oct. 2002. All patients were examined clinically, biochemically. Nuclear scanning, ultrasonography, computed tomography CT

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... re used selectively (depending upon the needs of cases). After operation a careful follow up was done for three days to determine the presence of complications. Result:the incidence of complications in this study was Tetany six cases (four cases were toxic).Hematoma three cases (all were toxic).Stridor three cases (allwere toxic).Recurrent laryngeal nerve injury twocases (both of them are bilateral and transient in one case goitre was toxic). The mortality rate was zero. Conclusion:mortality rate following thyroidectomy is zero. The morbidity rate is about 21% in this study, there are four major complications of thyroid surgery-Titany, wound haematoma, recurrent laryngeal nerve injuryand hypoparathyroidism. Sonorography, computed tomography CT scan are helpful in some cases such as retrosternal goitere, when a posterior or accessory nodule is suspected.