Scanning viscoelasticity microscopy (SVM) with a mechanical model analysis was applied to polystyrene (PS) surfaces. When the surface was in a glassy state, that is, in an elastic regime, the SVM vibrational system can be simply expressed by a series model composed of two springs such as a cantilever and the sample surface. Once the surface reaches in a viscoelastic regime, a damping factor must be incorporated into the model surface. The spring constants for the PS surfaces being in glassy and

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... transition states were successfully extracted by the analysis. The surface value even for the glassy state was lower than the corresponding bulk value by a few decades.