Toxoplasma gondii is a cosmopolitan protozoan, which infects the human body and many warm-blooded animals including wild boars. Wild boars have an important role in maintenance and transmission of T. gondii and may pose a potential risk to humans and wildlife health. Objectives: The current study was conducted to find out the seroprevalence and genotypes of T. gondii in wild boars in southwest of Iran. Methods: Twenty five adult wild boars were hunted, in 2013. Blood and tissue samples (muscle,

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... tongue, liver, and brain) were collected from each animal. Blood samples were assessed for antibodies against T. gondii by the modified agglutination test. DNA was extracted from the tissues and PCR-amplified, targeting a 529 bp DNA fragment of T. gondii. The PCR products were purified and sequenced. Results: Anti-T. gondii antibodies were detected in sera of 4 out of the 25 (16%) wild boars. There was no gender or age-related differences in seroprevalence of T. gondii in the studied animals. PCR detected the 529 bp band of T. gondii in brain samples of 5 out of 25 (20%) of animals. Molecular evaluation confirmed the presence of type III (4 cases) and type I (1 case) of T. gondii in the studied wild boars. Conclusions: Findings of the study demonstrated that the T. gondii infection is common in wild boars in southwest Iran and could represent a significant health risk for animals, hunters, and local residents who may consume wild boar meat.