OBJECTIVE -To relate the nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)-determined lipoprotein profile, conventional lipid and apolipoprotein measures, and in vitro oxidizibility of LDL with gender and glycemia in type 1 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS -In the 1997-1999 Diabetes Control and Complications Trial/Epidemiology of Diabetes Intervention and Complications (DCCT/EDIC) cohort, serum from 428 women and 540 men were characterized by conventional lipids, NMR, apolipoprotein levels, and LDL

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... bility to in vitro oxidation. Simple and partial correlation coefficients were calculated for each lipoprotein-related parameter versus gender, with and without covariates (age, diabetes duration, concurrent HbA 1c , DCCT randomization, hypertension, BMI, waist-to-hip ratio, and albuminuria). For concurrent HbA 1c , data were analyzed as above, exchanging gender for HbA 1c . Associations were significant if P Ͻ 0.05. RESULTS -Although men and women had similar total and LDL cholesterol and triglycerides, men exhibited the following significant percent differences in NMR profiles versus women: small VLDL 41; IDL Ϫ30; medium LDL 39; small LDL 21; large HDL Ϫ32; small HDL 35; LDL particle concentration 4; VLDL and HDL diameters Ϫ8 and Ϫ4, respectively. Small VLDL, small HDL, medium LDL (women only), small LDL (men only), and LDL particle concentration were positively correlated, and HDL size was inversely correlated, with concurrent HbA 1c . NMR profile was unrelated to prior DCCT randomization. Susceptibility of LDL to oxidation was unrelated to gender and glycemia. CONCLUSIONS -Male gender and poor glycemia are associated with a potentially more atherogenic NMR lipoprotein profile. Neither gender nor glycemia influence LDL oxidation in vitro.