Leymus mollis (Trin.) Pilger (2n = 4x = 28, NsNsXmXm) possesses a number of valuable genes against biotic and abiotic stress, which could be transferred into common wheat background for wheat improvement. In the present study, we determined the karyotypic constitution of a wheat-L. mollis double disomic addition line M11003-4-4-1-1 selected from the F 5 progeny of a stable wheat-L. mollis derivative M39 (2n = 56) × Triticum aestivum cv. 7182, by morphological and cytogenetic identification,

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... (genomic in situ hybridization), FISH (fluorescent in situ hybridization), molecular markers analysis and stripe rust resistance evaluation. Cytological studies demonstrated that M11003-4-4-1-1 had a chromosome karyotype of 2n = 46 with 23 bivalents, while GISH and FISH analysis indicated that this line contained 42 common wheat chromosomes and two pairs of L. mollis chromosomes. DNA markers showed that the alien chromosomes from L. mollis belonged to homeologous group 5 and group 6. Evaluation of the agronomic traits revealed that M11003-4-4-1-1 was resistant to stripe rust at the adult stage, while the plant height was reduced and the 1000-grain weight was increased significantly. Therefore, the new line M11003-4-4-1-1 could be exploited as an important bridge material in chromosome engineering and wheat breeding.